geomorphR - Geometric Features and Footprint Comparison for 'sf' Objects

Extracts reproducible geometric and urban-morphology descriptors from polygon and multipart polygon building footprints stored as 'sf' objects, including area, perimeter, compactness, shape, topology, convexity, orientation, and optional building-height and floor-area metrics. Compares polygon footprints across periods using the intersection-over-union (Jaccard) index (Jaccard, 1912) <doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1912.tb05611.x> to identify new constructions, potential demolitions, and footprint changes. Supports vector file formats readable by 'sf', including Shapefiles and GeoPackage (GPKG) vector files with named layers, optional boundary clipping, and reprojection to a common coordinate reference system. Returned 'sf' objects preserve source attributes and geometry for spatial analysis and downstream workflows, with optional parallel processing using 'future' for larger feature-extraction jobs.